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  • LAN, MAN and WAN
  • Modem, Router and DNS

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  1. Computer Networking

Data Transmission

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Last updated 2 days ago

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What does it mean by Network speed? Suppose you are having an internet speed of

  • 1 mbps = 106 bits/second.

  • 1 gbps = 109 bits/second.

  • 1 kbps = 103 bits/second.

When we send data to another computer through the internet, it is called as upload. When someone sends data to you and you receive that, it is called as download.

Data transmission happens in two ways

  • The Guided Way (where path is defined): Example - wired connections between computers.

  • The Unguided Way (where path is not defined): Example - Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, etc.

There are submarine cables lied in the oceans and waterbodies, connecting various places around the world. You can check out the .

Wired Connection - Optical Fibre cables, coaxial cable Wireless connection - Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, 3G, 4G, LTE, 5G

LAN, MAN and WAN

  • LAN (Local Area Network) - Small area coverage. Wi-Fi and Ethernet are its examples.

  • MAN (Metropolitan area network) - Across a city.

  • WAN (Wide Area network) - Across countries. Optical Fibre Cables are used.

    1. SONET (Synchronous Optical Network) - It carries the data using optical fibre cables hence, it can carry data for large distances.

    2. Frame Relay - It connects all the Local Area Network with the Wide Area Network.

Modem, Router and DNS

Modem - It is a device which converts the digital signals into analog signals and vice-versa. Example - it will convert the digital image in your computer into electrical signals (Analog Signals) which is transmitted over wires (for instance).

Router - It is a device which routes the data packets.

DNS (Domain Name Server) - It is a type of phonebook which converts the domain name into the registered IP Address of that domain.

Internet Service Providers (ISPs) are also categorized into tiers—such as Tier-1, Tier-2, and Tier-3—based on their network reach and peering relationships. In India, Tier-1 ISP is TATA, BSNL, etc.

submarine cable map website
submarine cable map website
submarine cable map website's screenshot